Life Around the Elephant in Space and Time: an Integrated Approach to Study the Human-Elephant Interactions at the Late Lower Paleolithic Site of La Polledrara di Cecanibbio (Rome, Italy)

Abstract During the Lower Paleolithic, interaction between hominins and elephants through medium of lithic tools is testified by numerous sites in Africa, Europe, Asia. This ensured a large source food knappable raw material, bone. The availability huge package resources represented these animals had deep impact on behavior their strategies exploitation landscape. article, for first time, documents this with spatial chronological viewpoint. At Late Paleolithic site La Polledrara di Cecanibbio (Rome), outstanding situ find quite entire carcass Palaeoloxodon antiquus surrounded small dimensions allowed us to explore relation elephant, fatally entrapped muddy sediments, that exploited its toolkit. application an integrated approach including technology, refitting, use-wear, residues, analyses study unveil activities carried out around elephant timeline. As result, meat fat possibly more than one time selected area as atelier knap cache products future use. These data introduce intriguing suggestion was, besides also landmark humans